Thursday, September 3, 2020

Consensual Relationship Agreements free essay sample

Compose a six to eight (6-8) page paper in which you: Argue for the utilization of Consensual Relationship Agreements (CRAs) in your current (or future) working environment Create a counter contention against the utilization of CRAS in your current (or future) work environment. Ђ Discuss the moral standards associated with the utilization of CRAs Create at any rate one (1) other alternative other than CRAS that would address work environment sentiments Argue for the utilization of Consensual Relationship Agreements (CRAs) in your current (or future) work environment My present place of employment has no approach in regards to working environment sentiment separated from the typical orkplace inappropriate behavior strategy that is imparted to fresh recruits. I firmly accept that if there is a Consensual Relationship Agreement set up, it would have gone far to check a few if not the entirety of the moral issues the organization has needed to manage previously. Work place sentiment has come to remain. We will compose a custom article test on Consensual Relationship Agreements or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page It is no uncertainty one of the moral issues standing up to numerous organizations. Hellriege and Slocum (2011) were on the whole correct to state that on the off chance that you put two people with basic interests together for 40 or more hours out of each week, office sentiment will undoubtedly occur. Well this sentence talks session individuals who are yet to be impractically pulled in to each other. Be that as it may, there are additionally others who Join an organization when they are dating or wedded. A few organizations deny families cooperating at a similar spot, not to mention couples. Since office sentiment can Jeopardize your security and set managers and collaborators off (www. kellogforum. organization, 2011), a few organizations may choose to offer or deny work to an imminent representative dependent on whether their mate is utilized at a similar organization or not. This is somewhat on the grounds that most connections don't work out for different reasons. It along these lines turns out to be progressively confounded when a relationship including two representatives doesn't work out. Consequently marking an affection archive can turn into a state of business. Weinstein (2008) accepts that When you lose the round of affection at the workplace, you despite everything need to confront the other individual for a long time. This is the more motivation behind why one kind of work environment strategy that is being received is Consensual Relationship Agreement (CRA), (Hellriege and Slocum, 2011). These are consensual relationship understanding structures that you might be approached to sign (Delman, 2010). This composed agreement has explicit data for workers cap are impractically associated with one another to recognize to their boss. By permitting CRAS to flourish at my present work environment, the people and the organization remain to profit. For models, couples can inspire and urge each other to go to work. I am aware of a couple that used to vehicle pool. They scarcely ever canceled in light of the fact that they empowered and commended one another. These couples among a few others contended among one another at the work place with respect to their maintenance and quality. This at last made their work fun and expanded profitability. Additionally, the utilization of s at my present work environment fortifies every others consensual relationship. This happens when couples are put on comparable ventures, they might be constrained to make up and converse with one another for the benefit of all of the organization regardless of whether they were at first quarreling over something. Delman (2010) alerts in any case however that, Its not prudent to visit him up throughout the day. In this manner, leaving your work and conversing with your accomplice can have a few results. Likewise, reassuring the utilization of CRAS in my present work environment helps the organization secures itself against any cases of exual provocation between the gatherings that proclaimed that they were seeing someone. For a situation that may include a subordinate charging demonstrations of inappropriate behavior against an unrivaled when a relationship comes up short, An affection contract, marked after the relationship has started, can successfully invalidate such cases as it gives convincing proof the subordinate worker entered the relationship willfully, (Tyler, 2008) Hellriegel and Slocum (2011) citing Helaine Olen (Adams Media, 2007) attests that on the off chance that they see an irreconcilable situation or see the relationship s troublesome or possibly problematic, HR should step in. Make a counter contention against the utilization of CRAs in your current (or future) working environment. It is putting it mildly to believe that the utilization of CRAs similarly has its burdens. Outstandingly among the issues that are related with the utilization of CRAS in my present working environment is the way that preference turns into the thing to take care of particularly if the relationship is between a predominant and a subordinate. Such bias incorporates advancement, voyaging, preparing, and offer of impetuses for no work done and can raise enmity between representatives. This can disturb the tranquility of the organization. It can make pointless strain. It can even make a circumstance where a few representatives may surrender themselves for getting a charge out of the advantages that different workers appreciate for impractically being engaged with an unrivaled. Not all, the utilization of CRAs can make pointless and unfortunate interruptions among workers. This can prompt absence of spotlight at work. Delman (2010) accepts that An absence of center will diminish your work execution and can bring about end whenever took care of mistakenly. This is moral that might be hard to manage particularly on the off chance that he culprits are both in places of power. Be that as it may, Hellriege/Slocum (2011) offers an a word of wisdom that chiefs and representatives the same ought to be associated with the ID of moral issues and endeavors to comprehend them. All the more in this way, Delman (2010) accepts that empowering the utilization of CRAs and permitting workers to transparently show their relationship can make a circumstance of inconvenience. The uneasiness emerges in case of a separation. It deteriorates when one of the couples starts to date again around a similar working environment. It turns out to be much progressively muddled when it includes an anager (prevalent) and a subordinate (representative). She concurs that Running into a past love interest can change your entire state of mind in a moment and can be sincerely traumatizing†not precisely what you need when youre attempting to work admirably grinding away (Delman, 2010). Taking into account this, Hellriegel and Slocum (2011) offer a solid counsel to cure a circumstance like this along these lines, pioneers must exhibit their pledge to moral practices and choices made by different supervisors and representatives. Examine the moral standards associated with the utilization of CRAS A ton of moral issues emerge out of the utilization of Consensual Relationship Agreements. It can take various structures and shapes and nas the capacity to attect a people pertormance. Weinstein ( composes that that consistent token of a relationship that didnt work out is a difficult weight to hold up under, and it can influence how well you can carry out your Responsibility, which is the fundamental, if not sole, reason were utilized in any case. It can likewise cause individuals to stop their Jobs for the basic certainty of not seeing their ex accomplice again at the work place. Despite the fact that relationshi

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Car Evaluation Using Neural Network Essay Sample free essay sample

1. Presentation Handwriting affirmation is done in two unique manners. The first is online affirmation which looks at the characters as the client is pulling them. This technique is the less difficult of the two. since the framework solitary exchanges with one character at a clasp. A delineation of this technique is character affirmation on an individual advanced assistant ( PDA ) . The second sort is disconnected affirmation. In disconnected affirmation the framework must glance at a full gathering of characters on the other hand of only one at a clasp. A representation of this is optical character affirmation ( OCR ) bundle for scanners. This framework will use disconnected character affirmation. When the framework has broken a picture into its single characters. an anxious web will be utilized to locate each single character. Following these characters. each piece great as data sing their areas. are sent to the scanner. The scanner so revamps the single characters into Numberss wh at's more figures out which image goes to the parser following. In certain occasions. the scanner should other than infix additional characters. The parser so demands one character at a clasp from the scanner and figures the look. At last. a spring up is shown with the intentional answer. Figure 1: Example 2. Pictures In this framework. pictures can be contribution to two unique ways. In either case. pictures are required to be dim graduated table. Backing may at last be included for non-dim graduated table pictures. yet, this was non considered of import for the underlying adaptation of the framework. The principal strategy for picture input is with an electronic picture record. The usefulness for filling electronic picture records was incorporated for a few grounds. First. since electronic picture documents do non reduced the picture information no outer libraries were required. Along these lines. change overing the record into a data development utilized by this framework was a lot easier. Second. for demonstrating the framework. it is a lot simpler to guide it a rundown of electronic picture pictures to figure rather than using the graphical UI ( GUI ) of the framework to pull preliminary conditions more than once. At last. a future finish of the framework is to give clients to rep lenish pictures access from a scanner. so having the option to oversee picture records will let this to work significantly more simple. The framework directly does non back up filling pictures from a scanner in light of the fact that filtered pictures ordinarily have a clump of clamor ; in preliminaries performed. this commotion caused employments when hindering up the picture into single characters. Figure 2: Noise in an examined picture This usefulness will be executed at a ulterior clasp. Notwithstanding. the framework will hold to filtrate these pictures and tidy up the commotion ( most likely by using a Gaussian channel ) . what's more, this was just non executable given the constrained clasp limitations. It is other than a from this point forward program to incorporate help for other document configurations of pictures ( JPEG. GIF. PNG. and so forth ) . The second strategy included â€Å"drawing† the pictures on the screen through the program’s GUI. This technique is utilized in the present execution. since it was considered the most effortless and quickest for a client. Pictures are drawn by snaping and hauling the pointer around the draw board of the GUI. Deleting is other than permitted using a similar technique. The client may other than unclutter the full board. At the point when the client is done making a look the person in question just taps on the â€Å"Calculate† button. The framew ork so draws a lineation around each character it finds and shows a spring up joining the purposeful answer Figure 3: Fictional persona hinder up For the undermentioned record. allude to Figure 3 for a graphical representation of each proportion of the technique. When a picture has been stacked in the framework ( Step 1 ) . it must be separated into single characters. By and by. the framework checks pels from left to directly until it finds a pixel esteem beneath some edge ( a dark pel has an estimation of 0. what's more, a white pel has an estimation of 255 ) . The framework so makes a bit of bouncing box around this pel ( Step 2 ) . Every one of the four sides of this bouncing box is verified whether it crosses any pel underneath this limit esteem. In the event that it does. the crate is reached out in that manner. This strategy is rehashed for each side of the case until the outskirts of the bouncing box cross no pels beneath the limit ( Step 3 ) . This strategy works in just a few cases. since usually this limited box will fuse numerous characters. A few representations of this situati on incorporate characters underneath a square root and limits of an inherent. To take these abundance characters. the delimited gathering of characters is checked in a similar way from various waies. After a character is expelled from the limited gathering of characters. the gathering is examined again until no more characters are expelled ( Step 4 ) . At last. the hopping box of the first character is reproduced since remotion of characters may hold influenced its size ( Step 5 ) . This technique has numerous imperfections. It is extremely fruitful in hindering up characters that are non associated. in any case, it can't hinder up characters that are associated ( for outline cursive initiation ) . Luckily in numerical looks associated characters are unprecedented. especially when making on a registering machine screen. Consequently. for the present endeavor this strategy was viewed as adequate. When the picture is separated into its single characters. each character’s area data is put away alongside the pel esteems inside its jumping box. These pixel esteems are changed over into a 10 pel by 10 pixel portrayal of the character. since the anxious web must be given a fixed figure of info pels for all characters. One employment that emerged with this technique was that a few characters. at the point when changed over to a 10 pel by 10 pels portrayal all appear to be identical. For representation. an extremely successive 1 or deduction ( ) will transform into a square of every dim pel. also, the framework will be not able to isolate these from an age mark or denary point (  · ) . Other than. a to some degree inclined 1 will look a cluster like a division mark (/) . To cover with this activity. pictures that are extremely tall and tight are cushioned on the sides with white pels. furthermore, pictures that are extremely expansive and short are cushioned on the top and b ase with white pels. Figure 4: 10?10 employments 3. Anxious Network The apprehensive web utilized for the affirmation of single characters is a feed-forward anxious web with four beds. The principal bed contains 100 information sources. that is. one for each information pel. The final result bed contains a final result for each character that will be unmistakable by the framework. Valuess for each info pel are sent into a relating hub in the first ( input ) bed. For every hub in the principal bed. its information esteem is sent to an initiation map. in this occasion the strategic sigmoid function1. The final result of this guide is sent to every hub in the accompanying bed. Be that as it may. the final result it is non sent straight ; each finished result is increased by some weight before venturing out to the hubs in the accompanying bed. Every hub in the accompanying bed sums the entirety of the signs it gets and sends this incentive to its initiation map. This system rehashes until the finishing up final result vector to the web is found. x?= 1 1?e?t 7 For delineation. for the anxious web in Figure 5. to figure the final result of hub n+2. each finished result for the old bed ( hubs 2 through n+1 ) must be determined and duplicated by the relating association weight. This calculation can be spoken to by the undermentioned condition: o n?2=? n?2 n?1 k=2 tungsten n?2. k o K ? O K is the final result of hub K. ? K is the initiation guide of hub K. what's more, w K. J is the weight heading out from hub J to hub K. Figure 5: Sample incredible apprehensive web To build up the apprehensive web to recognize an individual’s content. a readiness set is made that contains a 10 pictures of each character the framework is to recognize. The framework can execute preferably great when prepared with less over 10 representations of each character ; all things considered. 10 was picked to ensure a high level of truth. The client can create with pretty much than 10 of each. be that as it may, 10 is the default and the suggested aggregate of each. Each point in this arrangement set is combined with an ideal finished result vector. This is essentially a 0 vector with the exception of the n-th segment. which compares with this character. contains a 1. Next. the inclination drop larning strategy is utilized to build up the apprehensive web. Preparing is finished by seting the loads of the web until the whole mix-up for the readiness set is underneath. 005 a 2 B. where an is the figure of characters being perceived by the framework ( figure of finished results for the anxious web ) and B is the figure of each character in the arrangement set. This can other than be suspected of as the whole figure of final results when all contributions from the readiness set are sent into the apprehensive web duplicated by. 005. The whole misstep is determined by coordinating every individual from the arrangement set through the web and figuring the measure of the total estimations of the distinctions of the single constituents of the finished result vector and wanted final result vector. Weight facilities are determined with the undermentioned condition: w J. i=w J. one J oik ? is the larning rate ( in this arrangement this is just 1 ) . what's mo re, ? J is determined as follows: K ‘ K ? J =e J ? ?net J ? on the off chance that J is at long last item bed ? J =?’ ? net kj ? ? wm. J ? N if J is in a disguised bed m k net J is the measure of the contributions to hub J for the K th part of the readiness set. When the planning is finished the loads are put away to a document which can sobe stacked in by the client rather than holding to retrain the framework each clasp it is utilized. 4. Scanner The scanner for this endeavor works preferably in any case over a scanner for a programming phonetic correspondence compiler. N

Friday, August 21, 2020

Give me at least 3 question to discussion after your reading. then Research Paper

Give me at any rate 3 inquiry to conversation after your perusing. at that point answer the accompanying inquiries - Research Paper Example It is of much significance that associations adventure the worldwide markets quick yet in a sensible way. When looking for work, such will be the issues to consider on how best you can enable the association to accomplish and keep up a worldwide profile. It is clear that associations need worldwide administrators. Do you believe that it is the sole obligation of directors to accomplish the target, or pioneers have a task to carry out in accomplishing the goal? Can the job of directors and pioneers be evaluated to set up which one has the best essentialness? What might be your job as a director, pioneer, or both, in understanding the target of worldwide acknowledgment? Kotter convincingly contend that administration and positions of authority are integral, in spite of them being extraordinary. The significant distinction between the two is that, while administrators advance dependability, pioneers drive change got from the intricate issues that chiefs unravel. The thing that matters is sufficient to clarify that both can't work autonomously. In the contemporary world, mechanical progressions are owing to the adjustments in how associations are run. In the previous decade, the web didn't have a noteworthy job in associations. What's more, cell phones have progressively been a piece of the availability of data with the assistance of the web. The hierarchical culture is continually changing to oblige the mechanical headways and keep up an upper hand. As I would like to think, I have solid administration abilities, remembering the unmistakable attributes of administrators and pioneers. Authority aptitudes are not inborn; they are obtained. The workplace shapes people to become pioneers. Despite what might be expected, the executives abilities are affected by close to home attributes. It is obvious that pioneers center around the vision and modify their aptitudes in a way that is reasonable for the group and the association all in all. Then again, administrators set the vision, however it may not be accomplished

Monday, June 8, 2020

The Story Of The Soldiers - The Things They Carried - Free Essay Example

In the novel The Things They Carried, Tim O’Brien tells the story of a group of soldiers in the Vietnam war who, as a band of brothers, went through so much together. This story details the struggles and internal battles that these men had to deal with during their time in Vietnam and even after the war was done. Many of these men were drafted into the war and not many of them wanted to be there. These were kids who were not ready for war as they were just beginning their time as adults. When they were put into a situation such as the Vietnam war, one could only expect for them to come out different than they were before. These men not only had to carry weight of their supplies, but also the emotional weight that they had to carry with the turmoil they experienced as soldiers. Through this thought, O’Brien throughout the novel uses many different strategies to display what these men were carrying and how it affected them deeply through their time in the war and their time after the war. In the first Chapter of this novel, â€Å"The Things They Carried†, O’Brien right away begins to describe the things they carried. Throughout the whole chapter he addresses what these soldiers carry and how it affects them. However, he speaks most about the things that are the physical and tangible items. But as the book and chapter go on, the focus begins to mainly start to change and he looks closer at the intangible things that these soldiers are holding on to. Whether the emotion is fear, sadness, guilt, responsibility, these soldiers are experiencing it. The first out example of this in the book is through what Jimmy Cross carried. A photograph of a girl he loved named Martha (1). This photo is his reminder of his life back home and also his hopes of being back with the girl that he loved. Martha and the letters, photos, and pebble she sent are on his mind all of the time. He was always thinking about anything that had to do with her. He was carrying the dream that she loved and thought about him just as much as he did her. However, this constant thought and emotional weight that he carried with the constant thought of Martha distracted him much of the time. At one time when he was thinking about Martha, one of his men, Ted Lavender, was shot and killed. After this event, Cross felt very guilty for the death of Lavender. â€Å"He tried not to cry. With his enriching tool, which weighed 5 pounds, he began digging a hole in the earth. He felt shame. He hated himself. He loved Martha more than his men, and as a consequence Lavender was now dead, and this was something he would have to carry like a stone in his stomach for the rest of the war† (16). O’Brien in this sentence is drawing a parallel between the physical items such as the photos and the pebble or stone, and the emotional weight that it caused Jimmy Cross to carry for the rest of the war and even his life. Another example of O’Brien drawing a parallel with the physical and intangible things comes again with Jimmy Cross. As the Lieutenant, he has the most responsibility and he has to carry the maps of Vietnam with him (5). The responsibility to carry the maps bears physical weight, at the same time he is also carrying the emotional weight of the responsibil ity he has to look after his men. All of the emotional weight is overwhelming for how young these men are. Jimmy Cross is a 24 year old and is carrying all this responsibility he doesn’t even want, shown bluntly after Kiowa was killed, â€Å"Jimmy Cross did not want the responsibility of leading these men† (160). When O’Brien draws these connections between the physical things that were carried and how it relates to the emotions they carry, it allows for the reader to really experience and understand the burden these men have to bear. The idea of these things that these soldiers are carrying changes throughout the book. After the first chapter talks about the physical things, O’Brien intends for the reader to look more into the emotions that these men carry through their experiences. There are a few examples that stand out as they show exactly what war can do to a person mentally. The first example is through the story of Norman Bowker. Bowker is a soldier who in his time in Vietnam went through a lot. However, the event that stuck with him the most was when Kiowa died and Bowker tried to save him but couldn’t. This experience and the rest of his time in the war changed Bowker as person. When he got back from the war he couldn’t help but carry feeling of sadness, guilt, and shame. All these feelings along with the thought that he had no purpose left to serve after being in the war led to an inability for him to connect to his life as it was before. With all these feeling that he carried back f rom Vietnam, he feels lost in his thought and lives without a purpose. This is shown when he drives around the lake in circles over and over again (131). It seems that he can not forget about his experiences during the war but also is not able to talk about it leading to Bowker being trapped in his thoughts. In the end, he can not deal with all these feelings he has carried back from his time in Vietnam and meets an unfortunate demise when he commits suicide (149). War affects people in many different ways. Another person it changed was the character O’Brien. He is another character in this story that went through a lot. He had to kill a man while in Vietnam and when he did, he was consumed by guilt and regret. When talking about this experience in the book, he does not ever use a first person point of view as he is trying to distance himself from the experience. O’Brien looks at the man whose life he just took for a long period of time. In this time he thinks about this soldier’s story, of how he got to this point and what his plan s were for the rest of his life (118-124). It is easy to see that killing this man affected O’Brien greatly and after the war this leaves an impact on him. The war in general never left his mind and events caused it. O’Brien carries the guilt from taking away this man’s life and especially taking his future from him leaving an imprint emotionally on his mind. Tim O’Brien develops the idea of these soldiers carrying emotional baggage through their journey constantly throughout the whole book in every story told. He accomplishes this by using many literary devices. This is first introduced in the chapter â€Å"The Things They Carried†. He talks about these physical things that these men are carrying and uses repetition to not only make the reader notice the theme but to begin his idea of what the soldiers are carrying allowing him to utilize it throughout the rest of the book (1-25). O’Brien also uses point of view to emphasize what the soldiers are carrying. In the chapter â€Å"Speaking of Courage†, the third person point of view that looks into Norman Bowker’s thoughts allows the reader to see exactly what he has carried home from the war. With how O’Brien writes knowing Bowker’s thoughts allows a deeper understanding of the helplessness and feeling of being lost that he experiences. In th is way, O’Brien is able to convey what Bowker is carrying emotionally most effectively. In the chapter â€Å"Field Trip†, O’Brien goes back to Vietnam to show his daughter a place that took up a large part of his life. When he uses first person point of view, he is able to relay his thoughts and emotions after returning to a place where he faced so much adversity and dealt with many hardships. When O’Brien returns to the spot of Kiowa’s death to pay his respects, he thinks about his greatly about his time of service and the part of his life spent in Vietnam. With how this is written in this point of view, the reader is able to see how greatly he carries the thought of his time in Vietnam and the memory of the men he served with every day. By being in his mind through this chapter, the audience can really grasp how deeply the war has affected him. In The Things They Carried, Tim O’Brien writes about the Vietnam war and the stories of the soldiers who were a part of it. However, O’Brien takes the narrative deeper using the theme of each soldier carrying something. The war affects every soldier whether it is physically or mentally, it leaves none untouched. O’Brien provides the reader with many examples throughout the story of how it can leave a mark on their mind, leaving the emotions of guilt, sadness, regret, or fear. He uses many different tactics to support this theme making it stick with the reader. The soldiers have to carry many supplies for themselves in battle that all have physical weight, but O’Brien is able to convey that sometimes the intangible things carry even more weight.

Sunday, May 17, 2020

Exploring the Possibility of Updating the Cosmological...

Exploring the Possibility of Updating the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God The term cosmological comes from the Greek language, meaning ‘world’ or ‘universe.’ The argument is based on facts about the world. The topic of cosmology refers to the study of the universe. The cosmological argument begins with a general claim about the physical universe e.g. that some events have causes and that there must be a supernatural agent to somehow explain this fact. The argument seems to say that there cannot be an infinite series of causes, they have to stop somewhere. One scholar who supports this idea is St. Thomas Aquinas. Aquinas invented the ‘five ways’ by which he tried to demonstrate†¦show more content†¦Although, we also have no reason to believe that they are false. The five ways also asks how can the cosmological argument avoid contradicting itself. For example, if nothing causes itself how can there be a first cause, which does not require a cause other than itself. The cosmological argument can work on the assumption that the cause of existing things is not a thing, in which case the above contradiction would disappear. Leibniz put forward the cosmological argument. He argues that the ‘great principle’ of this argument is that â€Å"nothing takes place without a sufficient reason.†[2] Leibniz went onto formulate a version of the cosmological argument similar to, but also different from that of Aquinas. In place of Aquinas’ idea that every event has a cause, Leibniz observed that every event must have a sufficient reason for its existence, since nothing happens without a reason. But everything can also be explained with reference to something else within the world. Therefore the reason why there is something at all rather than nothing must come from outside the world. For a sufficient reason to account for such things there must be a being, which is able to create existence. Such a being must exist of itself because there is something rather than nothing. Therefore a necessary being exists, which we call god. Copleston formulated three

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Essay The Logic of Mercantilism - 723 Words

Explain the Logic of Mercantilism and Why it is Generally Viewed as a Deficient Theory Gretchen Serrao Nova Southeastern University Explain the Logic of Mercantilism and Why it is Generally Viewed as a Deficient Theory Mercantilism was an economic system that developed in Europe between the 16th and 18th century during the period of the new monarchies. This economic philosophy is based on the belief that a nation’s wealth depends on accumulated treasure, usually precious metals such as gold and silver, and to increase wealth, government policies should promote exports and discourage imports. Adam Smith, an eighteenth-century Scots professor of moral philosophy who influenced the founding fathers of†¦show more content†¦According to Coleman (1980), â€Å"Smith believed that the natural efforts of every individual to better his own condition when allied to liberty would motivate the ‘invisible hand’ and thus create wealth and prosperity† (p. 775). After a period of time, many people began to revolt against the idea of mercantilism and stressed the need for free trade. The continu ed pressure resulted in the implementation of laissez faire economics in the nineteenth century. Mercantilism aided the monarch and the merchant-capitalists to plan and govern the economic life to secure monopoly gains. Pecquet (2003) suggested that, â€Å"The king captured monopoly revenues in the form of customs duties imposed on the tobacco trade, and English merchants gained exclusive access to most of the world tobacco crop† (p. 467). As a consequence, domestic market was less competitive, legal monopolies drove up prices, consumers were hurt, the purchase power declined, and the further development of economy was affected. All of these reasons support the fact that mercantilism was a deficient theory because its policies benefited only one party and harm the other, and there was no possibility of economics being used to maximize the commonwealth, or common good. References Pecquet, G. M. (2003). British mercantilism and cropShow MoreRelatedLiberalism, Mercantilism, Structuralism And Constructivism1422 Words   |  6 PagesWhen approaching political economics, there are a variety of places and perspectives one may begin from, the most common of which being identifiable as Liberalism, Mercantilism, Structuralism and Constructivism. Each of these political ideologies represent the culmination of works from many famous theorists and intellectuals, all of which help us to better understand how certain economies have the possibility of functioning in different situations. 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The ideas presented during this period focused on changing the way we view our world and the people who live in it. The two scholars who formed the foundations of the Enlightenment, Isaac Newton and John Locke, concentrated on two different subjects, but they both greatly influenced our way of thinking. Another leader inRead MoreCauses Of The Enlightenment998 Words   |  4 Pageschurch was not the answer to everything. The Catholic Church th en split into three different churches, Lutheran Church, Calvinist Church, and Anabaptist church. The scientific revolution at the time started to help people understand the world through logic and reasoning. The third factor was how the government was run. Most parts of Europe were under monarchy, and that was the way it had been for a long time. But as people started questioning the church, they also questioned the position of the kingRead MoreKey Themes Of The Great Awakening1542 Words   |  7 Pages 3. The economic system of mercantilism effect revolutionary behavior in the colonies by controlling all economic activities to strengthen national power. Cromwell adopted the policy of mercantilism because of the English Civil War of 1640s sharply reduced funding flow to the colonies. Oliver Cromwell’s 1651 victory over the monarchy greatly influenced the colonies. It also created new global empire. Colonies were designed to provide for mother country. Mercantilism helped by providing silver andRead MoreThe Rise Of Free Trade1243 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: Free Trade: The Rise of Free Trade: According to Adam Smith’s 1776 Wealth of Nations, which other economic historians like, McCulLoch (1825) , Blaugh (1978) and Heckscher (1994), have replicated, Mercantilism was a dominant economic theory prevalent across Europe throughout the 17th to the 18th century with limited empirical evidence (Benjamin Hav Mitra-Kahn, 2011). The theoretical contrasts between researchers throughout the mercantilist age originate from the difference in howRead MoreThe J Curve1412 Words   |  6 Pagesalso dealt with difficulties in government and the economy. The colonists were always facing harsh taxes and laws. The colonists went through something called Mercantilism, which was an economic doctrine, and not free trade. The trade was mainly between the colonists and England and what each required from the other. Through Mercantilism the Board of Trade was established in 1696 to regulate trade and review the laws made by the colonists. The navigation acts and the vice-admiralty court s enforced

Public Speaking Self Reflection free essay sample

By reviewing the presentation and accumulating the thoughts of those involved will improve future productions. Introduction The intro to this presentation should catch the attention of any doctor who knows about time management. Gaining attention and interest early was a goal in this presentation. The topic to save time and view radiology films from home was clear, and informative. An overview was not given of what would be covered instead the speech flowed into the step by step to view the images from home. Body The body of this presentation logically flowed step by step, using Powering to liver messages clearly and so that the audience could follow along more easily. No misinterpretation was felt regarding the use of language spoken, and the body was delivered well. The steps were clear and concise. Delivery When viewing the presentation again, it was rushed from start to finish. The time factor disabled the use of more information being shared. We will write a custom essay sample on Public Speaking Self Reflection or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A well defined topic would have solved this problem. Watch out for eye contact, hand gestures, and bouncing around, these were noticed and portrayed poor body language. There were not any pauses due to time constraint. There were times that there could have been a pause to prove a point, or to allow the audience to ask a question or catch up to the speaker. Language The language used was appropriate. Due to the recording device used the audience could not hear clearly. Future presentation must have a better sound system. Audience and Topic The message was adapted for the appropriate audience. One of the biggest topics in any clinic is how to save time in a day. This is one suggestion for doing Just that.Any doctor looking to save time would view this two minute presentation to allow them a ewe extra minutes each day. Visual Aids Step by step instructions were used via Powering, on how to view Patient Images from home. The slides allowed the audience to view the steps clearly and efficiently. Many times in this presentation the visual aids allowed the speaker a chance to look away from the audience. A quick glance is fine but there is no reason to read the slide. Conclusion The end of the presentation was as rushed as the beginning and body. The reinforcement of how this would save time in the day, allowing more time with tenants, was preparation to the end of the speech. There was not a vivid ending Just more of the same Power Point presentation. A stronger conclusion would have helped close the presentation with confidence. Overall Evaluation The presentation was good throughout. There could have been a better sound system to make the presentation more appealing. The requirement was met for the assignment. To respect attention to detail, the time limit was followed closely. A general comment stated, was to wait a second or two prior to speaking to allow equipment to work so as not to cut off the beginning. There was clear purpose and overall the outcome was quite good. By reviewing the important parts of a presentation, introduction, body, conclusion, delivery, language, audience and topic, visual aids, and overall evaluation, the giver of the speech can use the information provided to improve upon them self. Overcoming the need to think of oneself as right and allowing outside perspective enables the speech presenter the ability to become a remarkable speaker, in everyones eyes.

Monday, April 20, 2020

SHARP in the Military Work Force free essay sample

Women have been sexually harassed and assaulted in the work force for years, and for many years, the US Army has been dealing with this enormous and overwhelming issue, through the help of their agency known as the Equal Opportunity Program (EOP). In the US Army regulation 600-20, Army Chief of Staff, General Raymond T Odierno, States the purpose, â€Å"This regulation prescribes the policies and responsibilities of command, which include the Well-being of the force, military discipline, and conduct, the Army Equal Opportunity (EO) Program, and the Army Sexual Assault Victim Program. â€Å" For a long time, the Army’s EOP Equal Opportunity Program had been involved in taking care of the issues of Sexual harassment in the work force. Now the Army has instituted the SHARP Program; the Sexual Harassment / Assault Recovery and Prevention program. My research begins to ask the question; why is this program now separate from the Equal Opportunity Program, and how the Army came to the conclusion that it need to be separate from the EOP? Will it help decrease the enormous problem of sexual harassment the Army is currently undergoing? What is the current severity of the issue? I will begin my research, by explaining the Equal Opportunity Program, then provide insightful information of the SHARP program, and conclude with my findings. We will write a custom essay sample on SHARP in the Military Work Force or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To understand How the SHARP program came about I need to know, what was the US Army policy on Equal Opportunity, I found out that according to Army Regulation 600-20, signed by US Army Chief of Staff, Raymond T. Odierno states, â€Å"The U. S. Army will provide EO and fair treatment for military personnel and Family members without regard to race, color, gender, religion, national origin, and provide an environment free of unlawful discrimination and offensive behavior. † Reading through this regulation, I was able to understand the responsibilities of every commander, and how this was their charge to make sure that every soldier regardless of their race, color, gender, religion, or national origin, would abide by the policies, standards, and disciplines. How does this policy affect the soldiers, and does it applies both on and off post, during duty and non-duty hours? How does this affect the morale of all soldiers and their work environment? Well it does. The US Army has written extensively on just about every issue it has dealt with since the past, so why all these problems? Why was there a need to separate the sexual harassment program the Equal Opportunity had in place? And why now call it SHARP? In an article in the USA Today, March 2008, Pauline Jelinek from the Associated Press stated â€Å"One-third of women in the military and 6 percent of men said they were sexually harassed, according to the latest Pentagon survey on the issue. † The one third percentiles is a very high statistical number; it is scary to imagine this enormous threat to female soldiers, and the six percent of the males were sexually harassed. Where do these numbers for this study come from? Well according to the Associated Press, Pauline Jelinek, â€Å"The figure for women was worse than the previous finding several years ago, but better than a similar survey taken in 1995, the Defense Department said in a report Friday. The Defense Manpower Data Center said it compiled the data from a survey of 24,000 people in 2006. † I have been in the US Army for twenty two years, and I have seen dramatically changes the Army has been going through, and in this particular case the Army has always had to deal with this enormous issue, now more than ever they need to do something about the severity and gravity of this current situation. It has always been identified as an issue of the lower enlisted and lower officer ranks, and for a long time, the higher officers kept preaching to the choir. The Generals were always coming up with ways to end this issue, and many times they were really not doing much about the cause. So I find myself asking now more than ever, how are we going to deal with this issue realistically? With all the current scandals at the highest levels how can the subordinates feel they were being protected, and the US Army has their best interest at hand? Currently we have the national director of the CIA Ret. General Petreaus, under current investigation for a national security scandal and an admitted affair. I would like to know how many soldiers under his command, during his entire service to the Army has he punished, and kicked soldiers out the Army for sexual harassment or committing adultery? Can the Army explain the lack of enforcing standards? Rather they have established a double standard. Now you have Col James H. Johnson III, who was recently convicted of this related issue. In a recent article in the Stars and Stripes, June 14, 2012, Nancy Montgomery wrote KAISERSLAUTERN, Germany — Col. James Johnson, convicted of fraud, bigamy, and conduct unbecoming an officer and a gentleman, was sentenced Thursday to a reprimand and a $300,000 fine. † This Officer was in charge for the morale, welfare and protection of more than 20,000 soldiers under his command during the time of war. How can the Army put trust in these high ranking officials? The Army currently has another case pending, in a recent article in the Army Times, Associated Press, Michael Biesecker, â€Å"FORT BRAGG, N. C. — Defense lawyers representing an Army general facing sexual misconduct charges aimed Thursday to paint his primary accuser as a liar prone to jealousy and emotional overreactions. The female captain at the heart of the government’s case against Brig. Gen. Jeffrey Sinclair admits she carried on a 3-year sexual relationship with her married commander. Adultery is a crime under military law and the admission could end her career. Brig. Gen. Jeffrey A. Sinclair faces possible courts-martial on charges that include forced sex, pornography, violating an order, alcohol use, engaging in inappropriate relationships, misusing a government travel charge card, and conduct unbecoming an officer. † Now so far the Army has ordered all senior officers to go through an intensive conduct, moral and ethical training. For the rest of the force, they have established the SHARP program, well who does it work and what is the SHARP Policy? The new US Army Sexual Harassment and Assault Response and Prevention (SHARP) program, written in Oct. 2011, states, â€Å"Army’s historical perspective shows that a reactive strategy that focuses on victim behavior is not effective in reducing sexual violence for the long term when addressing the problem of sexual harassment and assault in the military. † The Army Sexual Harassment and Assault Response and Prevention Program integrate the Sexual Assault Prevention and Response mission with the military and civilian Prevention of Sexual Harassment mission, which were formerly administered by the Army’s Equal Opportunity and Equal Employment Opportunity programs. The purpose of the SHARP prevention campaign is to achieve cultural change and to improve individual and unit readiness. There are four phases of the SHARP campaign strategy – (SHARP Program). The SHARP Program campaign strategy has been broken down into four phases; the first phase is to have the committed leadership, phase two is to have an Army wide conviction, phase three is to achieve cultural changes and the fourth phase is to work the goals and applications through sustainment, refinement and sharing, — (SHARP Program). How will this work? Every unit will have a SHARP representative at every level to provide this crucial effort, and it will work in the same structure and under the same policies that govern the Equal Opportunity Program. What are the current statistics? What can they tell us? In a recent article in the Fayetteville Observer, Henry cuningham wrote, â€Å"3,191 sexual assaults, ranging from rape to unwanted touching, were reported in the military in 2011. † I also found fascinating reading this article that 8,215 soldiers had committed these sex offenses between 2006 and 2011, 97% of all these violent sex crimes, the victim knew or had been involved with their attacker, 54 % of all Army rapes and aggravated assaults had occur in the barracks, and 95% of all sex crimes victims were women. — (Henry Cuningham) There has not been a lot of research done on the SHARP Program, but there is a profound amount of statistical evidence of this serious issue. My findings show there is data to confirm a statistic and trends since 2006 up to this date. The problem ranges from the lowest ranking soldiers to the highest level in office, so far general officers have been ordered to conduct, moral and ethical training; and the soldiers have been giving the recent SHARP Program. The Army has created this new program, and it is just another program the generals have created to show the nation how they will attack this severe problem of sexual harassment and assault. To me, it is just another way of masking an immense problem, all they have done is recreated the wheel from the current equal opportunity program. I believe there is more work to be done than just giving high ranking officials some small classes, and recreating a new policy that has always been there. While I am still an optimist, I hope that this new SHARP program dramatically reduces this current severe cancer of sexual harassment and assault, and I hope it protects many females and men who are living this appalling situation. I believe in this nation, and I believe in the goodness of all soldiers serving their country. Hopefully this can be reduced and then turn the attention of other important issues like the morale and welfare of the soldiers, their family, and the mission.

Sunday, March 15, 2020

Five ways your web writing is annoying your readers - Emphasis

Five ways your web writing is annoying your readers Five ways your web writing is annoying your readers Having a website is a wonderful thing: it allows you to confuse and  frustrate people thousands of miles away without ever having to hear their complaints. This makes it very hard to see what the problems are – and very tempting to pretend that they don’t exist. Your web pages don’t have to be like that. It all comes down to avoiding the five most common web-writing traps. Here’s how. Skip the happy talk Imagine stepping into a lift or elevator and hearing this announcement:  Ã¢â‚¬ËœThank you for entering this building’s lift. We’re pleased you’ve chosen the number one lift provider in this building. To select your desired floor, please use the illuminated buttons.’ Clearly ridiculous – yet a similar thing happens on many web pages:  Ã¢â‚¬ËœThank you for browsing our widgets. We are the market leaders in widgets and are dedicated to producing the best widgets for you. We’ve been making widgets since 1990. To browse our widgets, click on the links below.’ Web usability expert Steve Krug calls this kind of space-filling, meaningless text ‘happy talk’, and recommends a simple test to root it out: read it out loud. If you hear a quiet voice saying in your head ‘blah blah blah’, then it’s happy talk. In this example, the only potentially useful information is ‘To browse our widgets, click on the links below’. But if simple tasks such as browsing your site require instructions, there’s a very good chance that it’s not better phrasing you need, but more intuitive web design. Don’t be afraid of keeping text content to a minimum, if it makes things clearer. An excellent example of this is the Gov.uk site, which won the Design of the Year award in 2013. See the section for drivers as an example. There’s no happy talk or clutter, and all the links are self-explanatory. Answer the golden question Everyone visiting your web pages will have a need. This can range from the highly specific, such as a need to buy a particular product, to a vague need for distraction. You need to work out which of these needs also benefits your organisation, then tailor your website to meet them. This is hard because people can arrive in a bewildering variety of ways. Imagine a large shopping centre with an underground car park, an internal metro station, a bus-stop, a helipad, several pedestrian entrances – and, just for added complication, a few ladders leaning up against windows. Where do you greet the visitors, and how do you establish what they need? Website visitors can come from search engines, social media, reference by a friend, a link from a site, by directly typing the address into their browser after seeing an advert, or just from memory. You have no way of telling where the next one will come from, and no control over which page they see first. This means each page, by itself, needs to answer the golden question of web writing: ‘Am I in the right place?’ Within about five seconds. This is a hard test to pass. Try it for yourself: Get someone who isn’t familiar with your website to look at an important page. Ask them what they think that page is about after a few seconds. There’s a good chance you’ll be surprised by their answer. Go to FiveSecondTest.com (the free version is fine for this) and ask some anonymous people from the internet to do the same thing. If this all sounds too painful, try it on the sites of your competitors or similar organisations. You’ll be surprised at how many of them fail. This can be quite satisfying, but bear in mind that your site probably suffers from some of the same problems. People will tend to stay on your site if they think they’re in the right place – just as you’ll keep searching for what you need in a department store if you think you’re likely to find it. However, you’ll need to make sure they can find it reasonably swiftly, as anyone who’s ever stormed off in an empty-handed huff will attest. Be credible If Google is to be believed, the world is crammed full of ‘world leaders’, hundreds of thousands of them, all leading the world in something or other. A Google search for ‘world leader in the field of’ returns more than five million results. Phrases like this give no information and are not by themselves credible. They only take a few key strokes to type and anyone can claim them – and your readers know it. They will filter it out. This applies most obviously to marketing copy, where a handful of testimonials from satisfied people are worth more than anything, however wondrous, the company claims about itself. But it also applies in a more subtle way to non-marketing claims. For example, if you claim you are ‘always there to help’, then back it up by making your contact details easy to find. Make your headlines work The pressure on headlines is staggering, which makes writing them hard. But it doesn’t have to be, if you follow three rules: They must be informative. They’re the first thing the reader scans, and often the only thing they’ll bother to read, so they need to communicate essentially what the page is about. They need to be concise, to the point and short. And they have to be easy to understand for everyone in your target audience. So think twice before using industry-insider terms that a new customer may not understand. When writing a headline, keep in mind the golden question: ‘Am I in the right place?’ Your headline needs to answer that in as plain a way as possible. Gov.uk does well again here – its section covering areas as diverse as apprenticeships, school applications and university loans is summarised as ‘Education and learning’. It’s short, informative and easy to understand. The body copy (also very short) lets people know the detail. KISS with confidence Keeping it Short and Simple is a fundamental part of all professional writing, and it’s particularly important when you’re writing for the web. On the web, you’re always fighting to hold your audience’s attention (and to keep them away from the back button), so the shorter the sweeter. Also, your visitors will have different levels of English comprehension – some may have lower levels of literacy, including those for whom English is not a first language. Keeping it short and simple will help all the visitors to your site by making it easier to use and understand. This in turn increases trust, and helps your visitors achieve their goals quickly and simply. Bob’s your uncle Apply these five rules to your website, and you’ll soon see your communications becoming leaner, cleaner and more efficient. And while you may not be able to see your website visitors’ blood pressure lowering, you’ll soon start to witness the effects. When they realise they’re able to find what they’re looking for on your website quickly and easily, they’ll trust your organisation to be able to meet their needs with the same efficiency. To find out how to optimise your web writing for search engines, see  A beginner’s guide to keyword research.  For tips on how to keep it short and simple, see Three ways to tame your sentences and the  Power up with the active voice  video.

Friday, February 28, 2020

Britishness is defined as having a long history with tradition and Essay - 1

Britishness is defined as having a long history with tradition and culture. Westminster Abbey is designed to define britishness by the architecture and the functions - Essay Example The Westminster Abbey stands out as one of the most-conspicuous architectural masterpieces in Britain that have been designed to symbolize the long history of British culture and tradition. From its design in architecture to its design in the functions that take place within and around its premises, the Westminster Abbey is a classical representation of ‘Britishness.’ The history of Westminster Abbey stretched back to 1065 when King Edward the Confessor built a new church as a dedication to Saint Peter. Following his death, King Edward befitted the first person to be buried at the Abbey and William, the new Conqueror, became the first person to be crowned at the Abbey. In close resemblance to the Canterbury Cathedral, the Abbey became a center for pilgrimage due to the shrines of kings and queens and other important individuals in the society. After many years in the desolation, King Henry III decided to re-build the Abbey in 1245, and the resultant design reflects the Abbey’s current appearance. The history of Westminster Abbey is long and continue to this day. For example the buildings, houses and apartment tell a lot of the historical journey from when it commenced to today. For more than one thousand years, Westminster Abbey has maintained a unique architectural, historical and symbolic significance where the tradition and culture of t he English state, church and monarch and law are inexorably intertwined. As a group, the architectural pieces that form the Abbey symbolize masterpieces of monumental architecture since the medieval times, and which derive from the best of historic construction methods and traditional craftsmanship (Levy 8-12). Thus, it is plausible that the design of the Westminster Abbey was meant to be a constant representation of British culture and tradition for many years after its construction. On the design of its functions, it is the Abbey’s pre-eminent

Wednesday, February 12, 2020

Western Imperialism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Western Imperialism - Essay Example Western imperialism is a recurrent theme in much of the historical and anthropological literature.By looking at a map of Africa, we can see a graphic example of how imperialism has affected the evolution of African countries and how the period of the "great empires" has devolved to "spheres of influence" in Africa today (Kindersley).The irony in analyzing imperialistic settling in Africa is that Africa provided the starting point for humanity over 2 million years ago. The great age of colonization from Europe started with the explorations of the Portuguese, shortly followed by the Spaniards, the Dutch, and then the rest of Europe.The English started the slave trade in the well-known "triangle" route between the UK, Africa and the Caribbean, starting in the early 1600's. On the route from the UK to West Africa, the ships' captains transported rum and trinkets, and sometimes firearms. They picked up slaves in West Africa, generally dealing with the coastal tribes who kidnapped or trade d for slaves from the interior of the Continent. The slaves were then transported to the Caribbean, generally to work on sugar plantations. At that point, the ships dropped off slaves and bought rum to transport back to the UK. The French began a similar trade, sourcing slaves for their plantations in the Caribbean.The rest of Africa was largely ignored until the Dutch settlers-the Boers-came to Southern Africa in the late 1700's. They co-settled with the English and engaged in wars against the tough native Zulus, Bantus and other tribes of the southern part of the Continent. The "golden," or "infamous," depending on your viewpoint, age of colonization was the 1800's. During that period, slavery declined but other forms of exploitation thrived. The discovery of gold and diamonds in South Africa and Rhodesia led to a renewed interest by Great Britain in that area. King Leopold of Belgium took over the Congo in the 1860's and ran it as a personal fiefdom for its mineral wealth. France took over what is now called French Africa (centered around the Ivory Coast), while Germany took what was then called Southwest Africa, but is now called Namibia. They also took Zambia. In East Africa, the British took Kenya and Tanganyika (now part of Tanzania), but failed to take the Sudan (Kitchener's famous routing in Khartoum). The French failed to take Madagascar, but took Reunion as an important naval base. They took Algeria, first as a French colony in the 1800's, then as a French "dpartement outre-mer," or non-contiguous state within France itself. The US only had a marginal role, with the 1820's founding of Liberia as a home for freed slaves. The capital of Liberia, Monrovia, was named after President James Monroe. In the early 1900's, the Italians managed to take Ethiopia. Their control was always loose, and generally limited to the Coptic Christian part of the country. During the Mussolini years of the 1920's and 1930's there was a constant low-level war, which resulted in Italy's loss of Ethiopia in the early 1940's as they pulled back their troops to the home country. Imperial rule in Africa varied from one conquering country to another. By far the worst human rights atrocities were committed by Belgium's King Leopold and his successors in the Congo and Rwanda, the two Belgian colonies in Africa. Brutal suppression by mercenaries kept the population down while the land was mined for copper, diamonds and gold. Probably the best (post-slavery) administrators were the French, who inculcated the West African colonies with language, investment and promotion of locals to important government posts. With independence in 1960 and beyond, the European colonists gradually abandoned their colonies. Portugal (Angola), Germany (Namibia) and Belgium (Congo and Rwanda) have the least to do with their former charges. France has retained stronger contacts through the CFA zone (there is

Friday, January 31, 2020

Sustainment of The Mini Cases of the Industry Essay Example for Free

Sustainment of The Mini Cases of the Industry Essay Introduction We live in an environment which changes often. In the business world, what is in demand today for an organization may not be a requirement for tomorrow. Smart managers know that organizations that succeed do so because they adjust to keep up with the changes that are taking place (Harmon, 2007). Change in business comes in many forms and affects companies in every industry. Business today is one of the dominant institutions in society. Businesses are established with the sole purpose to provide a product or service to a customer with the intent to make a profit. Once established, every company wants to improve the way it does business to produce things more efficiently and to make a greater profit. Every manager understands that achieving these goals are part of his or her job. For the business they must create a strategic vision for long term sustainability. By adopting sustainable practices, companies can gain a competitive edge, increase their market share, and boost shareholder value. This paper will identify as points of discussion the value chain and competitive forces in Porter’s model based on ‘The Mini-cases: 5 companies, 5 strategies, 5 transformations article and cases; and the affects did Information Technology have on the sustainability on those five organizations. Case Background 1. Identify the value chain and competitive forces in Porter’s model. Based on â€Å"The Mini-cases: 5 companies, 5 strategies, 5 transformations† article and cases. 2. What effect did IT have on the value chain and competitive forces of those organizations? 3. What are some of the changes to the value chain and competitive forces when an organization responds to sustainability? Value Chain Analysis Early as 1979, Michael Eugene Porter introduced the concept of the value chain analysis. A value chain analysis allows a firm to understand the parts of its operations that create value and those that do not (Ketchen Hult, 2007). Understanding these issues is very important because the firm earns above average returns only when the value it creates is greater than the costs incurred to create that value (Porter, 1985). The value chain is a template that a firm uses to understand their cost position and to identify the multiple means that might be used to facilitate implementation of a chosen business-level strategy (Alcancer, 2006). The value chain shows how a product moves from the raw material stage to the final customer. A firm value chain is segmented into primary and support activities. Primary activities involves with a product’s physical creation, its sale and distribution to buyers, and its service after the sale. The primary activities include five generic categories which are comprise in competition in any industry covering inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales and services (Porter, 1985). Support activities provide the assistance necessary for the primary activities to take place, which are firm infrastructure, human resource management, technology development, and procurement (Porter, 1985). Competitive Advantage Concept From the activities done in a business or in its supply chain, a firm has a competitive advantage when it implements a strategy competitors are unable to duplicate or find too costly to try to imitate (Barney Clark, 2007). As Michael Porter comments, â€Å"Strategic fit among many activities is fundamental not only to competitive advantage but also to the sustainability of that advantage. It is harder for a rival to match an array of interlocked activities than it is merely to imitate a particular sale-force approach, match a process technology, or replicate a set of product features. Positions built on systems of activities are far more sustainable than those built on individual activities† (Porter, 1996). An organization can be confident that its strategy has resulted in one or more useful competitive advantages only after competitors’ efforts to duplicate its strategy have ceased or failed. Mr. Porter makes the essential point that competitive advantages and the dif ferences they create in firm performance are often strongly related to the resources firms hold and how they are managed. Resources are the foundation for strategy, and unique bundles of resources generate competitive advantages that lead to wealth creation (Bush, Greene, Hart, 2001). Better Place Founded by Israeli entrepreneur Shai Agassi in 2007, Better Place developed a system where electric-car owners could drive their vehicles into a network of stations around Israel and replace the cars battery with a new one in about the same amount of time it takes to fill a gasoline tank on a regular car. The quick drop system was supposed to remove one of the main obstacles to the adoption of electric vehicles, namely the several hours it takes to recharge a flat battery (Pearson Stub, 2013). Better Place use information technology in the value chain model by outsourcing to companies that have integrated the electric car into its policies. Better Places business model was based on car owners paying a fee according to the number of miles they drive. The competitive force that influenced the Better Place Company was the demand for the electric car filling stations. It has also positioned itself to be the first to reap the benefits when battery pack recharging facilities and infrastruc ture are more universally accepted by having proof-of-concept in hand in leading-edge nations. Nike Senior managers of Nike understanding that disposing of waste in an environmentally-friendly manner is crucial to business sustainment implemented a zero waste policy. While looking into manufacturing, they found it took three shoes worth of material to produce just two- one pair of shoes (Berns, M., Townsend, A., Khajat, Z., Bagopal, B., Reeves, M., et al. (2009). Previous statistics exhibited that the company was spending over $700 million a year on waste management. The organization could not sustain productivity and made waste management a main priority. From these actions evolved strategic long term goals to eliminate zero toxic materials, closing loop systems, and to sustain growth and stability. In order to deliver a value product and service to its customers and employees, Nike realizes that survival depended on creating a supply chain with several big companies like Dow, BSAF, and DuPont. The value of intangible resources, including knowledge allowed Nike to create capabilit ies to gain a competitive  advantage. Outsourcing played a major role in Nike competitive force. Nike understood that engaging in effective outsourcing increased their flexibility, mitigated risks, and reduce their capital investments. Outsourcing proved to be effective because Dow, BASF, and DuPont possessed the resources and capabilities required for Nike to achieve competitive superiority in all primary and support activities. Under the new design and productions methods, product waste was reduced by up to 67 percent, energy use was cut by 37 percent, and solvent use was slashed by 80 percent (Berns, M., Townsend, A., Khajat, Z., Bagopal, B., Reeves, M., et al. (2009). Research suggest that few companies can afford to develop internally all the technologies that might lead to competitive advantage. By nurturing a smaller number of capabilities, a firm increases the probability of developing a competitive advantage because it does not become overextended and can fully concentrat e on those areas in which it can create value (Linder, 2003). Rio Tinto Rio Tinto a mining company with a large area of operation obtained what it calls a â€Å"social license to operate† which supported the organization’s plan to protect the environment and create economic opportunities. The local community was not acceptance of another project that will affect the environment. Over half of the island had already been demolished from farming; grazing and charcoal production. (Berns, M., Townsend, A., Khajat, Z., Bagopal, B., Reeves, M., et al. (2009). After a decade of operation and a sense of urgency, the company decided to transform in the mining area. In order to gain acceptance of the community, management created a strategy to protect the environment and generate financial opportunities for the employees. The strategy served as a competitive force by building a positive relationship within the community by providing training, employment, protection of raw materials, financial resources, and establishing global polices. General Electric With energy, water usage, wastes, and carbon emission on the decline within most companies, General Electric realized that the growth in population would affect the companies’ sustainability. They say an opportunity to engage and help other companies create goals for sustainment. This was  chance for the company to utilize the value chain by providing their assistance and also making a profit. General Electric partnered up with other businesses to make the best decisions about which operation to support and which product to purchase for the future. They jump on the idea of energy conservation first within the company and its employees. Within the company, General Electric began engaging employees to see where energy savings could be found. That might be turning off the lights when a factory was idle, or even installing a switch so that lights could be turned off. They also created projects which involved installing LED lights on a factory floor, recycling water at a nuclear facility, and offering combined heat and power generation units at a plant in Australia (Berns, M., Townsend, A., Khajat, Z., Bagopal, B., Reeves, M., et al. (2009). These efforts prove to be beneficial for sustainability by saving the company over $100 million dollars. Wal-Mart Wal-Mart, one of the top producing merchant in the world have been trying to progress in zero waste and producing products that will not harm the environment. The technology to concentrate liquid detergent has been available for more than a decade, but was little used due to lack of interest in commercialization. Partnering closely with its suppliers, Wal-Mart made the decision to offer only concentrated detergent, and leading manufacturers began transforming their facilities to accommodate this request, leaving less capacity for old-fashioned detergents with high water content. This encouraged other retailers to move toward selling only the concentrated version of liquid detergents. In 2005, Wal-Mart initiated a partnership with Unilever to dramatically reduce the packaging of its â€Å"all ®Ã¢â‚¬  detergent. Wal-Mart helped bring the product to market by promising equal or greater shelf space despite the smaller product size (Wal-Mart, 2007). This business decision enabled the companies to produce a more powerful detergent, reduce waste and in return use less plastic, cardboard and water. There was a positive impact on Wal-Mart for reducing waste which also affected the landfills (Berns, M., Townsend, A., Khajat, Z., Bagopal, B., Reeves, M., et al. (2009). As this became the standard for manufacturing companies, Wal-Mart set the bar for their competitive manufactures. The competitive force gave Wal-Mart the leading edge to ensure customer  acceptance, promoting the benefits of concentrated detergent and adding value by its their environmental benefits. Conclusion Some researchers believe that by moving toward ecological sustainability, business firms gain a competitive advantage. The five organizations listed in the article ‘The Mini-cases: 5 companies, 5 strategies, 5 transformations article and cases† have embraced the idea of being proactive through partnership can confer a competitive advantage by saving money, attracting green customers, promoting innovation, and developing skills. While these organizations implemented strategies for sustainability, information technology affected the value chain and competitive forces by motivating firms to form partnerships as a way to effectively cope with the changes occurring in the market. Through information technology firms gain access to their partners’ other partners. Having access to multiple collaborations increases the likelihood that additional competitive advantages will be formed as the set of shared resources and capabilities expands (Olhager Rudberg, 2003). In turn, being able to develop new capabilities further stimulates product innovations that are so critical to strategic competitiveness in the global economy (Klienschmidt, Brentani, Salomo, 2007). Reference Alcancer, J. (2006), Location choices across the value chain: How activity and capability influence co-location, Management Science, 52, 1457-1471 Barney, J.B., and Clark, D.N. (2007) Resource based theory: Creating and sustaining competitive advantage, New York Oxford University Press Berns, M., Townsend, A., Khajat, Z., Bagopal, B., Reeves, M., et al. (2009). The Mini-cases: 5 companies, 5 strategies, 5 transformations. The Magazine MIT Sloan Management Review Special Report. Retrieved from http://files.meetup.com/1325336/MITSloan%20Mgmt%20Review%20The%20Biz%20of%20Sustainability.pdf Brush, C.G., Greene, P.G., Hart, M.M. (2001) From initial idea to unique advantage: The entrepreneurial challenge of constructing a resource base, Academy of Management Executive, 15(1) 64-78 Harmon, P. (2007) Business Process Change: A Guide for Business and BPM and Six Sigma Professional (2nd Ed) pg 31 Retrieved from http://site.ebrary.com.ezproxy.trident.edu:2048/lib/tourou/docDetail.action?docID=10201856lpg=31 Ketchen Jr., D.J. Hult, G. T. M. (2007) Bridging organization theory and supply chain management: The case of best value supply chains, Journal of Operations Management, 25: 573-580 Kleinschmidt, E.J., Brentani, U., Salomo, S. (2007), Programs: A resource-able base view, Journal of Production Innovation Management, 24; 419-441 Linder, J.C., Jarvenpaa, S., and Davenport, T.H. (2003) toward an innovation sourcing strategy, MIT Sloan Management Review, 44(4); 43-49 Olhager, J. Rudberg, M. (2003), Manufacturing Network and Supply Chains: An operations strategy perspective, Omega 31(1); 29-31 Pearson, D. Stub S. T. (2013) Wall Street Journal: Electric-Battery Venture Better Place to Liquidate Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.trident.edu:2048/docview/1355407057 Porter, M.E. (1985) Competitive Advantage, New York Free Press 33-61 Porter, M. E. (1996). What Is Strategy? Harvard Business Review, 74(6), 61-78. Retrieved from http://web.a.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.trident.edu:2048/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=00ac6aff-4ae2-4658-a728-7ae17d8211a7%40sessionmgr4001vid=1hid=4101 Wal-Mart Archive (2007): Wal-Mart To Sell Only Concentrated Products In Liquid Laundry Detergent Category By May 2008 Retrieved from http://news.walmart.com/news-archive/2007/09/26/wal-mart-to-sell-only-concentrated-products-in-liquid-laundry-detergent-category-by-may-2008

Thursday, January 23, 2020

The IQ Debate Essay -- Intelligence

Intelligence can be defined in many different ways. This concept has been the focus of numerous studies and investigations by psychologists and other scientific experts. Intelligence can be the mental ability to reason, plan ahead, understand a wide range of complex issues and learn from past experiences (Gottfredson, 1997). Intelligence is the â€Å"resultant of the process of acquiring, storing in memory, retrieving, combining, comparing, and using in new contexts information and conceptual skills† (Humphreys, 1979) Intelligence is commonly measured through the use of a number of scales and quantitative measures, like the Intelligence Quotient (IQ), developed by Alfred Binet in early 20th century to identify which French children needed more attention from their educators. The use of IQ tests progressively spread to all parts of the world. The use of these tests has raised controversy among psychologists and educators, with supporters of IQ tests assuming that the tests produce measure of genetically transmitted intelligence. On the other hand, critics of the tests have pointed out that IQ test provides a measure that defines intelligence through the use of cultural deterministic concepts. The ethnocentrism embedded in the assumptions of many commentators, has generated into a justification for a number of theoretical approaches, like those by Charles Murray and others (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/850358.stm). The dichotomy between the view that intelligence levels are affected by situational factors and the view that intelligence is genetically transmitted has dominated psychological debates on IQ throughout decades. The statements made by many commentators that intelligences depends on genetic factors has been ... ...c factors, but to education, parental supervision and other situational and environmental factors. BIBLIOGRAPHY Gottfredson, L.S. (1997) "Foreword to "intelligence and social policy". Intelligence Volume 24 (number1): pp. 1–12. Humphreys, L. G. (1979). "The construct of general intelligence". Intelligence. Volume 3 (Number 2): pp. 105–120. Marshall, G. (1994) (ed.), The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Sociology (Oxford: Oxford University Press. Safer, M. A. (1980). Attributing evil to the subject, not the situation: Student reaction to Milgram’s film on obedience. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 6, 205–209. Sutherland, E. H. (1947) Principles of criminology. Chicago : J. B. Lippincott (4th Edition) . Zimbardo, P. G. (1999). The Psychology of Evil. Stanford University http://www.sonoma.edu/users/g/goodman/zimbardo.htm

Wednesday, January 15, 2020

When to treat a condition as an absolute contraindication

A contraindication pertains to a state wherein the performance of a specific medical action is not recommended. There are two general types of contraindication that may be directly described in association with its urgency to a situation. A contraindication is deemed absolute when the procedure may not be entirely performed on an individual based of his current condition. On the other hand, a contraindication is relative when the situation of an individual does not entirely rule out the possibility of using a specific procedure unless it is essential that such specific procedure or action be performed. One example of an absolute contraindication is being in a highly infective state, such as having chickenpox. In this situation, the chickenpox virus has the ability to infect any other person that is directly interacting with the infected person and even through the air that is circulating around the room where the infected person is located. The infected person may also spread the chickenpox virus through coughing. Chickenpox is associated with skin blisters that are generally itchy and the fluid from these blisters is very potent in infecting other people that may it come in contact with. A person infected with chickenpox is known to be in a highly infective stage several days before the blisters appear on his skin. Hence, a condition such as chickenpox should be treated as a contraindication because the infected person is highly infective and may pose a health threat to other people surrounding him. Another example of an absolute contraindication is widespread inflammation such as rheumatoid arthritis. In this condition, the patient’s autoimmune system is not normal and his joints are generally inflamed and are very easily affected by drugs and any simple movements. The patient’s connective tissues are generally destroyed hence they have a difficult time in maintaining a normal posture and even simple movements are painful and difficult. In such condition, any type of body massage may not be advisable to an individual with rheumatoid arthritis because it is not helpful and beneficial for such an individual to receive any forceful procedures to the body when the individual is already suffering from joint pains. An individual who has been diagnosed with a severe condition such as Parkinson’s disease should also be considered as an absolute contraindication for several procedures. A patient with Parkinson’s disease suffers from a major disability in terms of motor movements. This condition, also known as dystonia, results in involuntary jerking of specific parts of the body such as the hands, arms or even legs. When an individual has been diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease, this individual’s condition should be treated as an absolute contraindication because his condition may present complications with most procedures. For example, surgery can only be performed on an individual with Parkinson’s disease if a medical release form has been issued by the patient’s primary physician. The reason behind this is that the patient’s condition may become more severe during or right after a specific surgery because his motor movements are not stable and controllable due to Parkinson’s disease. Another condition that should be treated as an absolute contraindication is a medical emergency such as appendicitis. In this situation, the individual’s appendix is infected and surgery needs to be done immediately, or else the patient may die from shock and from the infection (Rizk and Saleem, 2008). In this condition, any other procedure should not be performed unless surgery to remove the appendix has been completed and the incisions that were done on the patient have completely healed. The patient suffering from appendicitis also experiences extreme pain in the lower right portion of his abdomen hence he will be unable to perform any other action unless he is rushed to the hospital and surgery is done as soon as possible.

Tuesday, January 7, 2020

Summary Of The Baba - 1612 Words

Chapter 1 Many characters are introduced, as Amir, Baba, Rahim Khan (who calls by phone to invite Amir to Pakistan) and Ali. After the phone call, Amir went for a walk by the park to think about his life. Memories from 1975: Something changed in those days. Chapter 2 Amir explains his childhood with Hassan. Amir was Pashtun, while Hassan was Hazara. They both lost their mothers and their fathers were Baba and Ali. Ali married with Sanaubar to restore his uncle s honor. Hassan lived in a small house with his father, near Baba s Mansion. He used to play with Amir and they had a strong relationship, as they were fed by the same breasts. They once met a soldier who said he had a relation with Hassan s mother. Chapter 3 Baba built an Orphanage. Against the popular beliefs against his idea, Baba was succesful. Baba was supposed to become a lawyer as is father, but he decided to be a businessman and became one of the richest merchants in Kabul. Amir had a Islam teacher at the school. 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